Menopause
Definition of menopause:
Menopause is the end of a woman’s menstrual cycles. The term can
describe any of the changes you go through just before or after you stop having
your period, marking the end of your reproductive years.
Types of menopause:
1.
There
are three types of menopause:
2.
Natural menopause.
3.
Premature (early) menopause.
4.
Artificial (surgical) menopause.
Causes of menopause:
1.
Eggs
2.
Estrogen and progesterone hormones
3.
Ovulation
4.
Hysterectomy
5.
Chemotherapy
Signs and Symptoms of menopause:
1. First signs of menopause:-
2. Hot
flashes
3. Sweating
Others:-
1. Uneven
or missed periods
2. Vaginal
dryness
3. Needing
to pee more often
4. Trouble
sleeping
5. Emotional
changes
6. Dry
skin, eyes, or mouth.
Later symptoms often include:
1. Fatigue
2. Depression
3. Crankiness
4. Racing
heart
5. Headaches
6. Joint
and muscle aches and pains
7. Weight
gain
8. Hair
loss
9. Changes
in libido (sex drive).
Diagnosis of menopause:
1.
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) level
2.
Thyroid hormones level
3.
Anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) level
Treatment of menopause:
1.
Hormone therapy. Estrogen therapy is the
most effective treatment option for relieving menopausal hot flashes.
2.
Vaginal estrogen.
3.
Low-dose antidepressants.
4.
Gabapentin (Neurontin, Gralise, others).
5.
Clonidine (Catapres, kapvay, other).
6.
Medications to prevent or treat
osteoporosis.
Complications of menopause:
1.
Bone loss (osteoporosis)
2.
Heart disease
3.
Bladder and bowels that don’t work like
they should.
4.
Higher risk of Alzheimers disease
5.
More wrinkles
6.
Poor muscle power and tone
7.
Weaker vision, such as from cataracts
(clouding of the lens of the eye) and macular.
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